GasMarketReport,Q1-2024TheIEAexaminesthefullspectrumofenergyissuesincludingoil,gasandcoalsupplyanddemand,renewableenergytechnologies,electricitymarkets,energyefficiency,accesstoenergy,demandsidemanagementandmuchmore.Throughitswork,theIEAadvocatespoliciesthatwillenhancethereliability,affordabilityandsustainabilityofenergyinits31membercountries,13associationcountriesandbeyond.Thispublicationandanymapincludedhereinarewithoutprejudicetothestatusoforsovereigntyoveranyterritory,tothedelimitationofinternationalfrontiersandboundariesandtothenameofanyterritory,cityorarea.Source:IEA.InternationalEnergyAgencyWebsite:www.iea.orgIEAmembercountries:AustraliaAustriaBelgiumCanadaCzechRepublicDenmarkEstoniaFinlandFranceGermanyGreeceHungaryIrelandItalyJapanKoreaLithuaniaLuxembourgMexicoNetherlandsNewZealandNorwayPolandPortugalSlovakRepublicINTERNATIONALENERGYAGENCYSpainSwedenSwitzerlandRepublicofTürkiyeUnitedKingdomUnitedStatesTheEuropeanCommissionalsoparticipatesintheworkoftheIEAIEAassociationcountries:ArgentinaBrazilChinaEgyptIndiaIndonesiaKenyaMoroccoSenegalSingaporeSouthAfricaThailandUkraineGasMarketReport,Q1-2024PAGE|1AbstractIEA.CCBY4.0.AbstractNaturalgasmarketsmovedtowardsagradualrebalancingin2023,despitetightersupplyfundamentals.DemandreductionsinEuropeandmaturemarketsinAsiasoftenedtheimpactofthegassupplyshockof2022.Pricescamedownsignificantlyin2023,althoughtheyremainedwellabovetheirhistoricalaverages,bothinAsiaandEurope.Naturalgasmarketsareexpectedtoseeareturntostronggrowthin2024,primarilydrivenbytheindustrialandpowersectorsinfast-growingeconomiesinAsiaandgas-richcountriesinAfricaandtheMiddleEast.Anexpectedreturntoaveragewinterweatherconditions,afteranexceptionallymild2023,isexpectedtosupporthigherdemandforspaceheatingintheNorthernHemisphere.However,thecontinuedexpansionofrenewablesandimprovingnuclearavailabilityarelikelytotemperrequirementsforgas-firedpowergenerationinmaturemarkets.Highinventorylevelstogetherwithanimprovingsupplyoutlookareprovidinggasmarketswithsomereassurancefor2024.However,geopoliticaltensions,risingshippingconstraints,LNGprojectdelaysandadverseweatherconditionscouldrenewmarkettensionsandfuelpricevolatility.Securityofsupplyfornaturalgasremainsakeyaspectofenergypolicymakingandtherisksrelatedtoouroutlookhighlighttheneedtostrengtheninternationalco-operation,includinginassessingandimplementingflexibilityoptionsalonggasandLNGvaluechains.ThiseditionofthequarterlyGasMarketReportbytheInternationalEnergyAgency(IEA)providesathoroughreviewofmarketdevelopmentsin2023andashort-termoutlookfor2024.ItalsoincludesaspecialspotlightongreenhousegasemissionsalonggassupplychainsthatexaminesemissionsreductioninitiativesundertakenbythelargestnaturalgasandLNGproducersandconsumers.AspartoftheIEA’sLow-EmissionsGasesWorkProgramme,thereportincludesasectiononpolicyandmarketdevelopmentsrelatedtobiomethane,low-emissionshydrogenande-methane.GasMarketReport,Q1-2024PAGE|2TableofcontentsIEA.CCBY4.0.TableofcontentsExecutivesummary.....................................................................................3Keygaspoliciesandmarkettrendsin2023.............................................7Gasmarketupdate.....................................................................................22SpotlightonGHGemissionsalonggasvaluechains............................50Low-emissionsgases...............