GlobalElectricityReview2025Recordrenewablesgrowthledbysolarhelpedpushcleanpowerpast40%ofglobalelectricityin2024,butheatwave-relateddemandspikesledtoasmallincreaseinfossilgeneration.8April2025Leadauthors:EuanGrahamandNicolasFulghumOtherauthors:KatyeAltieriGlobalElectricityReview2025Ember’ssixthannualGlobalElectricityReviewprovidesthefirstcomprehensiveoverviewofchangesinglobalelectricitygenerationin2024,basedonreporteddata.Itpresentsthetrendsunderlyingthem,andthelikelyimplicationsforenergysourcesandpowersectoremissionsinthenearfuture.Withthereport,Emberisalsoreleasingthefirstcomprehensive,freedatasetofglobalelectricitygenerationin2024.Thereportanalyseselectricitydatafrom215countries,includingthelatest2024datafor88countriesrepresenting93%ofglobalelectricitydemand,aswellasestimatesfor2024forallothercountries.Theanalysisalsoincludesdatafor13geographicandeconomicgroupings,includingAfrica,Asia,theEUandtheG7.Italsodivesdeeperintothesevencountriesandregionswiththehighestelectricitydemand,whichaccountfor72%ofglobalelectricitydemand.Inadditiontoelectricitygenerationdata,thereportusesweatherandcapacitydatatouncovertheunderlyingtrendsshapingtheglobalpowersector.Wemakeallofthedatafreelyaccessibletoempowerotherstodotheirownanalysisandhelpspeeduptheswitchtocleanelectricity.2AboutShareofglobalelectricitygenerationfromlow-carbonsourcesin2024.Growthrateofsolargenerationin2024,asix-yearhigh.Electricitydemandgrowthin2024,whichwasamplifiedbyheatwaves.Highlights40.9%+29%+4.0%Executivesummary5Chapter1:2024inreview9Recordriseinrenewables,ledbysolar,bringscleanpowertoanewmilestone9Hottertemperaturesamplifyhighelectricitydemandgrowth14Heatwavesdriveasmallincreaseinfossiluse16Chapter2:TheBigPicture192.1Solarissurging–flexibilitycantakeittothenextlevel21Solarpowerhasbecometheengineoftheglobalenergytransition21Therapidgrowthofsolarisondisplayeverywhere24Flexibilitycanenablefurthergrowthinsolarpowergeneration282.2Cleangenerationisexpectedtomeethigherlevelsofdemandgrowth31Demandgrowthishigherthanitusedtobe31Expectationsriseforfuturedemandgrowth,butremainuncertain33Cleanelectricityisgrowingquicklyenoughtomeethigherlevelsofdemandgrowth362.3FutureelectricitydemandgrowthinIndiaandChinawillbepoweredbycleansources38ChinaandIndiaaredecouplingelectricitydemandgrowthfromfossilgrowth38TheendisinsightforChina’sfossil-baseddemandgrowth40India’sfossilsurgecouldalreadybeslowing43CleangrowthinChinaandIndiacantipthebalancetowardsadeclineinfossilgenerationatagloballevel46Chapter3:GlobalElectricityTrends483.1Globalelectricitydemand493.2Globalelectricitygeneration533.3Globalpowersectoremissions573ContentsChapter4:GlobalElectricitySourceTrends614.1Solar634.2Wind664.3Hydro694.4Nuclear724.5Gas754.6Coal78Chapter5:MajorCountriesandRegions815.1China835.2UnitedStates875.3EuropeanUnion915.4India955.5Russia995.6Japan1025.7Brazil106Conclusion110Supportingmaterials112Methodology112Acknowledgements1174ContentsExecutivesummaryCleanpowersurpassed40%ofglobalelectricitygenerationin2024,drivenbyrecordgrowthinrenewables,especiallysolar.Heatwavescontributedtohighgrowthinelectricitydemandwhichresultedinasmallincreaseinfossilgeneration,drivinguppowersectoremissionstoanall-timehigh.Solarpowerhasbecometheengineoftheglobalenergytransition,withbothsolargenerationandcapacityinstallationssettingnewrecordsin2024.Solargenerationhasmaintainedits...
