AUGUST2024GreenshippingcorridorsScreeningfirstmovercandidatesforChina’scoastalshippingbasedonenergyuseandtechnologicalfeasibilityXIAOLIMAO,YUANRONGZHOU,ZHIHANGMENG,ANDHAEJEONGCHOACKNOWLEDGMENTSThisworkisconductedwithgeneroussupportfromEnergyFoundationChina.WethankthelateDr.ChuanshengPengforhisinvaluableadviceandsinceresupportforthiswork.WethankDr.ChaohuiZheng,Dr.KunLi,Mr.ShunpingWu,Mr.YongboJi,Mr.ShengdaiChang,ProfessorYanZhang,Ms.FredaFeng,Ms.LiweiMa,Mr.FengTian,andMs.LuFufortheirtechnicalandpolicycommentsandsuggestions.CriticalreviewofthisworkwasprovidedbyICCTcolleaguesChelseaBaldinoandTianlinNiu.InternationalCouncilonCleanTransportation1500KStreetNW,Suite650Washington,DC20005communications@theicct.org|www.theicct.org|@TheICCT©2024InternationalCouncilonCleanTransportation(ID182)iICCTREPORT|SCREENINGFIRSTMOVERCANDIDATESFORGREENSHIPPINGCORRIDORSEXECUTIVESUMMARYGreenhousegasemissionsfromthemaritimesectorareonagrowthtrajectoryincompatiblewiththeclimategoalsoftheParisAgreement.Inrecentyears,anovelcollaborationframeworkcalledgreenshippingcorridors(GSCs)hasbeengainingtractionasatooltospeeddecarbonizationtechnologyinnovationinthemaritimesector.AsofDecember2023,therewere44GSCinitiativesglobally,yetnoneoftheseprojectshavebeenfullycommissioned,anindicatorofthechallengesofcoordinatingthesecorridors.Comparedwithinternationalroutes,domesticroutescouldhavetheadvantageofmorestakeholderhomogeneity.Insomecases,aroutecouldbeoperatedbyasingleentitythatownsthecargoaswellasthevessels.ByencouragingdomesticroutestobecomeGSCs,acountrymayattaintheassociatedenvironmentalandclimatebenefitswhilealsoaccruingtheexperiencenecessaryforinstitutinglarge-scale,multistakeholder,internationalGSCinitiatives.ThisstudyexplorestheopportunityforestablishingGSCsforChina’scoastalshipping.WefirstquantitativelycharacterizedChina’scoastalshippingactivitybasedonopenAutomaticIdentificationSystem(AIS)data.Thedataallowedustoestimateenergyuseforvariousshippingroutesandevaluatethetechnologicalfeasibilityofmeetingthatenergyusewithzeroornear-zerolife-cycleemissionfuels.Thesefuelsincluderenewableliquidhydrogen(LH2)generatedfromrenewableelectricity,renewablemethanol(MeOH)andrenewableammonia(NH3)generatedfromrenewablehydrogen,aswellasdirectrenewableelectricity.Basedontheseresults,weidentifiedthreeroutesasfirstmoverGSCcandidates.ForeachGSCroute,weestimatedfueldemandforthefirsthypotheticallydeployedzero-emissionvessel(ZEV)runningoneitherrenewableliquidhydrogen,renewablemethanol,orrenewableammonia.Wethenpresentedapreliminaryanalysisofthecosttosupplythisfuel(TableES1).InapreviousICCTstudy,wemodeledanddemonstratedthatthecostofrenewableammoniaandrenewablemethanolissimilartorenewablehydrogen,soweonlymodeledandpresentedthecostofrenewablehydrogeninthisstudy(U.S.MaritimeAdministration[MARAD],2024).TableES1Greenshippingcorridorcandidatesandassociatedannualfuelcostforonezero-emissionvesselin2030RoutecharacteristicsShipcharacteristicsFueldemand(tonnes)Annualat-the-pumpcostofhydrogen(millions)aPortsDistance(nm)ShipclassCapacityOriginalfuel(VLSFO)MethanolAmmoniaHydrogenTianjin–Shanghai700Bulkcarrier57,000DWT4751,0001,070153¥8.4($1.2)Shenzhen–Tianjin1,400Container2,000TEU2,2704,7905,130732¥39.2($5.6)Shanghai/Ningbo–Zhoushan75Oiltanker3,000GT4910311116¥0.7($0.1)Total2,7905,8906,310901¥47.6($6.8)aBasedon2023monetaryvalues,usinganexc...
