BuildingTechnologies&UrbanSystemsDivisionEnergyTechnologiesAreaLawrenceBerkeleyNationalLaboratoryThisworkwassupportedbytheAssistantSecretaryforEnergyEfficiencyandRenewableEnergy,BuildingTechnologiesOffice,oftheUSDepartmentofEnergyunderContractNo.DE-AC02-05CH11231.EvaluatingNet-ZeroEmissionPathwaysforChina’sCementIndustryHongyouLu1,NanZhou1,HonLeungCurtisWong1,XianZhang21LawrenceBerkeleyNationalLaboratory,2TheAdministrativeCenterforChina’sAgenda21EnergyTechnologiesAreaJune6,2024https://doi.org/10.20357/B75W27Disclaimer:ThisdocumentwaspreparedasanaccountofworksponsoredbytheUnitedStatesGovernment.Whilethisdocumentisbelievedtocontaincorrectinformation,neithertheUnitedStatesGovernmentnoranyagencythereof,northeRegentsoftheUniversityofCalifornia,noranyoftheiremployees,makesanywarranty,expressorimplied,orassumesanylegalresponsibilityfortheaccuracy,completeness,orusefulnessofanyinformation,apparatus,product,orprocessdisclosed,orrepresentsthatitsusewouldnotinfringeprivatelyownedrights.Referencehereintoanyspecificcommercialproduct,process,orservicebyitstradename,trademark,manufacturer,orotherwise,doesnotnecessarilyconstituteorimplyitsendorsement,recommendation,orfavoringbytheUnitedStatesGovernmentoranyagencythereof,ortheRegentsoftheUniversityofCalifornia.TheviewsandopinionsofauthorsexpressedhereindonotnecessarilystateorreflectthoseoftheUnitedStatesGovernmentoranyagencythereofortheRegentsoftheUniversityofCalifornia.1No.9-037-24+HongyouLuEvaluatingNet-ZeroEmissionPathwaysforChina’sCementIndustryHongyouLuLawrenceBerkeleyNationalLaboratory1CyclotronRoadMailstop90R2121,Berkeley,CA94720Email:hylu@lbl.govHonLeungCurtisWongLawrenceBerkeleyNationalLaboratory1CyclotronRoadMailstop90R2121,Berkeley,CA94720Email:curtis_wong@lbl.govNanZhouLawrenceBerkeleyNationalLaboratory1CyclotronRoadMailstop90R2121,Berkeley,CA94720Email:NZhou@lbl.govXianZhangTheAdministrativeCenterforChina’sAgenda218YuyuantanSouthRoad,HaidianDistrict,Beijing,ChinaEmail:zhangxian@acca21.org.cnAbstractChina’scementindustryemitsover1Gtofcarbondioxide(CO2)annually,or3%ofglobalCO2emissions.UrgentdecarbonizationeffortsoftheChinesecementindustryareneededtomeetChinaandglobalcommunity’sclimatecommitments.Priorstudiesonthistopicprimarilyreliedonsupply-sidetechnologiesandend-of-pipesolutions,presentingonesingularpathwaytonetzerowithoutexploringmultipletrajectories.Thisstudyaddsvaluetotheexistingresearchbyconstructingandevaluatingtwodifferentpathwaystowardnet-zeroemissionsinChina’scementindustry:theEnergyTechnologyPathway(ETP)andtheCircularEconomyPathway(CEP).Bothpathwaysaimfornet-zeroemissionsbutdivergeintheirprioritizationandemphasis.TheEnergyTechnologyPathwayfocusedonsupply-sidetechnologiessuchasgreenhydrogenandCCS,whiletheCircularEconomyPathwayfocusedondemand-sidestrategies,centeredonmaterialsandresources.Thestudyshowedbothpathwayscanachieveacomparablelevelofemissionreduction,reducing94-95%ofCO2emissionsby2060fromthe2020level.Notably,theroleofCCSislimitedintheCEP,contributingonly5%and22%oftotalemissionreductionsby2030and2060,respectively.ThemajorityoftheemissionreductionsinCEPareachievedthroughacombinationofmaterial-focusedinnovationsandcirculareconomystrategies,suchasincreasingtheuseofsupplementalcementitiousmaterials(SCMs),advancingalternativecements,integratingmaterialefficiencypracticesinproductlifecyclephases,andadopting...
