Pathways to Commercial Liftoff: Virtual Power Plants SEPTEMBER | 2023 Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, nor any of their contractors, subcontractors or their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for any third party’s use or the results of such use of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof or its contractors or subcontractors. Comments The Department of Energy welcomes input and feedback on the contents of this Pathway to Commercial Liftoff Report. Please direct all inquiries and input to liftoff@hq.doe.gov. Input and feedback should not include business sensitive information, trade secrets, proprietary, or otherwise confidential information. Please note that input and feedback provided is subject to the Freedom of Information Act. Authors Jennifer Downing, Loan Programs Office (Lead) Nicholas Johnson, Office of Policy Mailinh McNicholas, Office of Technology Transitions David Nemtzow, Loan Programs Office Rima Oueid, Office of Technology Transitions Joseph Paladino, Office of Electricity Elizabeth Bellis Wolfe, Loan Programs Office Acknowledgements Cross-cutting Department of Energy leadership for the Pathways to Commercial Liftoff effort: Loan Programs Office: Jigar Shah, Jonah Wagner Office of Clean Energy Demonstrations: Kelly Cummins, Melissa Klembara ...