亚开行-气候变化的财政风险：来源和实际解决方案（英）-2024.1-15页免费下载

ISSUE 55 • 2024The Governance BriefFiscal Risks of Climate Change Executive SummaryThe fiscal risks of climate change facing countries in Asia and the Pacific are immense. Climate-related weather disasters and public spending on the climate change mitigation and adaptation investments needed to avoid worst-case climate scenarios and protect livelihoods are placing a significant strain on public finances. But governments in Asia and the Pacific are already taking wide-ranging measures to proactively address these risks. Countries are analyzing the impact of climate change risks on their macroeconomic frameworks, their finance sectors, and the sustainability of their public finances, as well as the suitability of disaster risk financing instruments depending on their economic conditions. Governments are using these analyses to build in fiscal buffers, better align fiscal frameworks with climate targets, and strengthen public financial management practices more broadly. This governance brief explores ways that climate change poses risks to public finances and a number of practical solutions to mitigate these risks. Main takeaways include the following:(i) Policymakers in Asia and the Pacific have access to a broad suite of analytical tools that they can use to better assess the fiscal risks posed by climate change and to develop ways to mitigate these risks.(ii) Many countries in the region already have experience utilizing these tools and are generating important lessons learned that others can consider using these tools.(iii) These tools can be tailored to each country’s own needs and challenges in managing the fiscal risks of climate change. The table on page 12 presents common questions around the fiscal ris...