VCS Methodology VM0048 REDUCING EMISSIONS FROM DEFORESTATION AND FOREST DEGRADATION Version 1.0 27 November 2023 Sectoral Scope 14 VM0048, v1.0 Verra developed version 1.0 of this methodology with support from Tim Pearson (Green Collar), Kevin R. Brown (Wildlife Conservation Society), Simon Koenig (Climate Focus), Till Neeff, Sarah M. Walker (Wildlife Conservation Society), Lucio Pedroni (Carbon Decisions International). Manuel Estrada made significant contributions. VM0048, v1.0 CONTENTS 1 SOURCES ............................................................................................................... 1 2 SUMMARY DESCRIPTION OF THE METHODOLOGY .................................................... 2 3 DEFINITIONS .......................................................................................................... 4 3.1 Definitions .............................................................................................................................. 4 3.2 Acronyms ................................................................................................................................ 4 4 APPLICABILITY CONDITIONS ................................................................................... 5 5 PROJECT BOUNDARY .............................................................................................. 5 5.1 Geographic Boundaries .......................................................................................................... 5 5.2 Carbon Pools .......................................................................................................................... 5 5.3 Sources of GHG Emissions ...................................................................................................... 6 6 BASELINE SCENARIO ...............................................................................................